Austro-Hungarian

Introduction: Emperor Franz I founded Army Cross (Armeekreuz ) in 1814 as a reward for those troops without regard to rank who had participated in the battles against the French and their allies in 1813 and 1814. In this blog I will complete my discussion of this

Introduction: Emperor and King Karl introduced the Karl Troop Cross (Karl Truppenkreuz) as an award for combatant service. It was to be available to all ranks. It was patterned after the Army Cross issued by Emperor Franz II during the Napoleonic war. It was one of the

Introduction: In this the fourth and final blog regarding the Iron Merit Cross I will describe and discuss the attachments, miniatures and certificates associated with this decoration. Date Issued: April 1, 1916 – 1922 Reason Issued: To reward NCOs, Gagisten without rank or class (Military officials who

Date Issued: April 1, 1916 – 1922 Reason Issued:  To reward NCOs, Gagisten without rank or class (Military officials who had no place in the hierarchy of military rank), enlisted military personnel and civilians for important services rendered in support of the war effort, life saving and

Date Issued: April 1, 1916 – 1922 Reason Issued:  To reward NCOs, Gagisten without rank or class (Military officials who had no place in the hierarchy of military rank), enlisted military personnel and civilians for important services rendered in support of the war effort, life saving and

Introduction: The War Cross for Civil Merit was founded by Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1915 in four classes to reward civilians who had performed especially meritorious civil service involving outstanding zeal and sacrifice. It was issued from 1915-1918. Date Issued: August 16, 1915 – October 6,

Introduction: The War Cross for Civil Merit was founded by Emperor Franz Joseph I in 1915 in four classes to reward civilians who had performed especially meritorious civil service involving outstanding zeal and sacrifice. It was issued from 1915-1918. Date Issued: August 16, 1915 – October 6,